
% Table created by stargazer v.5.2.3 by Marek Hlavac, Social Policy Institute. E-mail: marek.hlavac at gmail.com
% Date and time: Tue, Nov 04, 2025 - 20:06:01
\begin{table}[!htbp] \centering 
  \caption{OLS models Study 3 : Elite responsiveness} 
  \label{} 
\small 
\begin{tabular}{@{\extracolsep{1pt}}lcccc} 
\\[-1.8ex]\hline 
\hline \\[-1.8ex] 
 & \multicolumn{4}{c}{\textit{Dependent variable:}} \\ 
\cline{2-5} 
\\[-1.8ex] & \multicolumn{4}{c}{Elite responsiveness} \\ 
 & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Speed limit highway} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Carbon tax} \\ 
\\[-1.8ex] & (1) & (2) & (3) & (4)\\ 
\hline \\[-1.8ex] 
 T- Costly + Symbolic & 0.216$^{***}$ (0.049) & 0.226$^{***}$ (0.045) & 0.352$^{***}$ (0.052) & 0.351$^{***}$ (0.049) \\ 
  T- Costly + No Symbolic & 0.008 (0.049) & 0.025 (0.045) & $-$0.030 (0.052) & $-$0.019 (0.049) \\ 
  T- Symbolic only & 0.758$^{***}$ (0.049) & 0.787$^{***}$ (0.045) & 0.788$^{***}$ (0.052) & 0.804$^{***}$ (0.049) \\ 
  T- Symbolic + No Costly & 0.731$^{***}$ (0.049) & 0.729$^{***}$ (0.045) & 0.574$^{***}$ (0.052) & 0.597$^{***}$ (0.049) \\ 
  Ideology &  & 0.001 (0.006) &  & 0.002 (0.007) \\ 
  Government satisfaction &  & $-$0.403$^{***}$ (0.018) &  & $-$0.336$^{***}$ (0.020) \\ 
  Gender - Male &  & $-$0.013 (0.029) &  & $-$0.113$^{***}$ (0.031) \\ 
  Income &  & $-$0.016 (0.009) &  & 0.003 (0.010) \\ 
  Age &  & $-$0.003$^{***}$ (0.001) &  & $-$0.0001 (0.001) \\ 
  Education - BAC+2 &  & $-$0.049 (0.054) &  & 0.005 (0.059) \\ 
  Education - BAC+3 &  & $-$0.003 (0.047) &  & 0.004 (0.051) \\ 
  Education - CAPBEPC &  & $-$0.074 (0.047) &  & 0.062 (0.051) \\ 
  Education - NO &  & $-$0.111$^{*}$ (0.047) &  & 0.076 (0.051) \\ 
  Urban - Rural - Agglo Paris &  & 0.116 (0.060) &  & 0.026 (0.066) \\ 
  Urban - Rural - Inf 19999 &  & 0.027 (0.066) &  & $-$0.043 (0.071) \\ 
  Urban - Rural - Rural &  & $-$0.005 (0.063) &  & 0.014 (0.068) \\ 
  Urban - Rural - Sup 20000 &  & 0.069 (0.052) &  & 0.033 (0.057) \\ 
  Main transport - Car &  & $-$0.020 (0.031) &  & $-$0.063 (0.033) \\ 
  Climate concern &  & 0.083$^{***}$ (0.015) &  & 0.129$^{***}$ (0.016) \\ 
  Constant & 1.790$^{***}$ (0.035) & 3.062$^{***}$ (0.122) & 2.053$^{***}$ (0.037) & 2.732$^{***}$ (0.131) \\ 
 \hline \\[-1.8ex] 
Observations & 3,016 & 3,016 & 3,016 & 3,016 \\ 
R$^{2}$ & 0.135 & 0.282 & 0.112 & 0.211 \\ 
Adjusted R$^{2}$ & 0.134 & 0.278 & 0.111 & 0.206 \\ 
\hline 
\hline \\[-1.8ex] 
\textit{Note:}  & \multicolumn{4}{r}{$^{*}$p$<$0.05; $^{**}$p$<$0.01; $^{***}$p$<$0.001} \\ 
\end{tabular} 
\end{table} 
